Curriculum evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Curriculum evaluation - Essay Example r focuses on the examination and the evaluation of curriculum applied on the professional education and specifically on the health care support sector. In order to understand the structure and the content of curriculum used in the above sector, it is necessary to refer primarily to the general characteristics of curriculum, the theories developed for curriculum used in various educational contexts as well as the skills required for the appropriate delivery of curriculum in a professional education environment. In accordance with a report published by the Cognitive Behaviour (2008) ‘a social education curriculum has a three-fold purpose: a) to assure that every student is on track through assessment and prevention, b) to assist the proper development through pedagogical study, and c) to remediate inappropriate learning’ (Cognitive Behaviour, 2008, online article). The improvement of educational standards in the health care sector would support the increase of quality of s ervices provided to patients. Therefore, the curriculum used in the specific sector should be carefully reviewed and monitored making sure that all standards set are followed by educators. In the study of Burgess (2004) it is noticed that the curriculum used in the training of social work professionals is not appropriately developed but it rather ‘entails a level of complexity greater than that for many other disciplines’ (Burgess, 2004, 163). On the other hand, it seems that in Britain – like in most developed countries worldwide – the involvement of a person to the health care support is related with specific educational standards: specific qualifications – set by NHS – are required while training is usually provided after the acquisition of qualification – in case that workers in the specific sector need to be informed on the developments of science in the particular field. The design and the development of curriculum in all educational contexts is based on specific criteria.

The cause of stress to college students Essay Example for Free

The cause of stress to college students Essay Many people experience stress as they combine busy lives and the demands of study and or work while trying to also save time for friends and family.. For some people,, stress becomes almost a way of life.. We all experience episodic stress – getting ready for a major exam,, completing an important paper,, perhaps getting ready for an important interview.. However,, a continuous â€Å"â€Å"state†Ã¢â‚¬  of stress should not become a way of life.. We know that stress – over a prolonged period of time – can have increase certain health risks,, to say nothing of the wear and tear that happens to relationships and general wellbeing. This simple guide uses materials adapted from several college campuses with active stress reduction programs.. It explores the origins of stress and provides some basic ways to assess the level of stress you may be feeling and then suggests some easytoincorporate ways to decrease the level of stress.. WHAT IS STRESS? Stress is simply the bodys non-specific response to any demand made on it. Stress is not by definition synonymous with nervous tension or anxiety. Stress provides the means to express talents and energies and pursue happiness; it can also cause exhaustion and illness, either physical or psychological; heart attacks and accidents. The important Recognizing Stress The following are indicators that you may be experiencing stress. ^ General irritability ^ Elevated heart rate ^ Increased blood pressure ^ Increased accident proneness ^ Floating anxiety-anxious feeling for no specific reason ^ Trembling ^ Insomnia ^ Headaches ^ Indigestion ^ Pain in neck and/or lower back ^ Changes in appetite or sleep pattern Thing to remember about stress is that certain forms are normal and essential. As the body responds to various forms of physical or psychological stress, certain predictable changes occur. These include increased heart rate, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and secretions of stimulatory hormones. These responses to stress will occur whether the stress is positive or negative in nature. In lay terms, it is known as the fight or flight mechanism. Continual exposure lowers the bodys ability to cope with additional forms of psychological or physiological stress. The results of continuing stress may cause disruption in one or more of the following areas of health: physical, emotional, spiritual and/or social. Stress is a process that builds. It is more effective to intervene early in the process rather than later. Try to become aware of the signs that suggest the process has begun. COMMON STRESSORS IN COLLEGE LIFE INCLUDE: ? Greater academic demands ? Being on one’s own in a new environment – with new responsibilities ? Changes in family relations and one’s social life ? Financial responsibilities ? Exposure to new people, ideas, and temptations ? Being away from home, often for the first time ? Making decisions, on a higher level than one is used to ? Substance abuse ? Awareness of one’s sexual identity and orientation ? Preparing for life after graduation ? Psychological make-up can also play a role in vulnerability to depression. People who have low self-esteem, who consistently view themselves and the world with pessimism, or are readily overwhelmed by stress may be especially prone to depression. TAKING STRESS SERIOUSLY For many young adults, college is the best time of life. These critical years of adjustment can also be undermined by depression, anxiety, substance abuse and eating disorders. Researchers are finding that many mental illnesses are traced to trauma, whose damage surfaces in times of stress and change, such as the college years. The statistics listed below are evidence that stress in ourselves or in someone about whom we care – should be taken and treated seriously. College students are feeling more overwhelmed and stressed than fifteen years ago, according to a recent UCLA survey of college freshman. More than 30% of all college freshman report feeling overwhelmed a great deal of the time. Thirty-eight percent of college women report feeling frequently overwhelmed. Depression affects over 19 million adults in the US annually. At colleges nationwide, large percentages of college students are feeling overwhelmed, sad, hopeless and so depressed that they are unable to function. In a recent national college health survey, 10% of college students had been diagnosed with depression. Women, who tend to be more forthcoming (or are less stigmatized) in seeking treatment for depression, recorded a rate of 13%. Anxiety disorders affect millions of adults every year, and anxiety levels among college students have been rising since the 1950s. In 2000, 7% of college students reported experiencing anxiety disorders within the previous year. Women are five times as likely to have anxiety disorders. Eating disorders affect 5-10 million women and 1 million men, with the highest rates occurring in college-aged women. Advantaged, white women are at the highest risk. Suicide is the eighth leading cause of death among the US population, the third leading cause of death for all those aged 15-24, and the second leading cause of death in college populations. Individuals who are stressed are more likely to have accidents – including those involving motor vehicles, and, to be more careless with seatbelt use. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 7. 8% of men and 12. 3% of women ages 18-24 report frequent mental distress – a key indicator for depression and other mental disorders. Some additional suggestions for reducing stress levels and enhancing your college experience: ? Keep your space and consequently your mind organized. ? Go to class. ? Keep up with course work (the rule of thumb is two hours of study per one hour in class). ? Get involved with campus activities. ? Maintain communication with your family. ? Take advantage of campus resources and choose a career path. ? Form healthy relationships. ? Talk to someone about your problems (family member, friend, college counselor). ? Get to know your professors.

New Jersey V. T.L.O. Essay -- essays research papers

The Fourth Amendment to the constitution protects United States citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. Our forefathers recognized the harm and abuses that occurred in the colonies to innocent people by the British, and they made sure to write protections into the U.S. Constitution. Fearing the police state that any nation has the potential to become and recognizing that freedom and liberty is meaningless when victimization by the police is a real and foreboding threat the Fourth Amendment was created. The Fourth Amendment has gone through many challenges and controversies in the past, and currently the issue of how the Fourth Amendment applies to students in public schools has come to be contended in the courts. While it is apparent to me that the Fourth Amendment should be no less applicable in schools than in the general society these essential Constitutional protections have been under fire in recent years and many rights have been taken away from students. The Fourth Amendment of the Constitution states, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." No where in this law does it create special divisions or classifications between adults and minors in society, so one should naturally assume that persons under 18 should be afforded the same protections as anyone over 18. The moment when minors are most at the mercy of government officials is while in school, and this is when these Constitutional Fourth Amendment protections are needed. The largest and first assault on the rights of students to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures occurred in the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O. In 1980 at Piscataway High School in Middlesex County, N.J. a few girls were caught smoking in the bathroom. After being brought to the principal's office one of the girls, T.L.O., denied that she had been smoking. The principal then searched her purse looking for cigarettes. After finding a pack of cigarettes the search continued until the principal discovered evidence of drug dealing. This evidence was used to prosecute T.L.O. and ultimately she received a year of p... ...arteries a secret. This I find to be substantially suspect. While I do not argue that the student athletes have a lower expectation of privacy due to their situation in the locker rooms and activities undertaken together as a team, I do not believe that this expectation is nearly low enough to allow an invasion of ones own body for the purposes of a search. Clearly there is no way for anyone to have any indication of what chemicals are contained inside one's own blood by a casual glance or even a thorough study of the outside of one's body. The expectation of privacy regarding one's blood would be equivalent to the contents of a safe hidden and locked inside one's house. While this expectation of privacy is something to be respected it can still be violated by an individual suspicious of guilt accompanied by a probable cause and a search warrant. In that case the blood test or the opening of the safe would be justified in my opinion. But due to the nature of the randomness of thi s search it is obvious to me that it is unconstitutional and this court decision should be reversed. These two court cases are very important in the evolution of the Fourth Amendment in public schools. New Jersey V. T.L.O. Essay -- essays research papers The Fourth Amendment to the constitution protects United States citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. Our forefathers recognized the harm and abuses that occurred in the colonies to innocent people by the British, and they made sure to write protections into the U.S. Constitution. Fearing the police state that any nation has the potential to become and recognizing that freedom and liberty is meaningless when victimization by the police is a real and foreboding threat the Fourth Amendment was created. The Fourth Amendment has gone through many challenges and controversies in the past, and currently the issue of how the Fourth Amendment applies to students in public schools has come to be contended in the courts. While it is apparent to me that the Fourth Amendment should be no less applicable in schools than in the general society these essential Constitutional protections have been under fire in recent years and many rights have been taken away from students. The Fourth Amendment of the Constitution states, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." No where in this law does it create special divisions or classifications between adults and minors in society, so one should naturally assume that persons under 18 should be afforded the same protections as anyone over 18. The moment when minors are most at the mercy of government officials is while in school, and this is when these Constitutional Fourth Amendment protections are needed. The largest and first assault on the rights of students to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures occurred in the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O. In 1980 at Piscataway High School in Middlesex County, N.J. a few girls were caught smoking in the bathroom. After being brought to the principal's office one of the girls, T.L.O., denied that she had been smoking. The principal then searched her purse looking for cigarettes. After finding a pack of cigarettes the search continued until the principal discovered evidence of drug dealing. This evidence was used to prosecute T.L.O. and ultimately she received a year of p... ...arteries a secret. This I find to be substantially suspect. While I do not argue that the student athletes have a lower expectation of privacy due to their situation in the locker rooms and activities undertaken together as a team, I do not believe that this expectation is nearly low enough to allow an invasion of ones own body for the purposes of a search. Clearly there is no way for anyone to have any indication of what chemicals are contained inside one's own blood by a casual glance or even a thorough study of the outside of one's body. The expectation of privacy regarding one's blood would be equivalent to the contents of a safe hidden and locked inside one's house. While this expectation of privacy is something to be respected it can still be violated by an individual suspicious of guilt accompanied by a probable cause and a search warrant. In that case the blood test or the opening of the safe would be justified in my opinion. But due to the nature of the randomness of thi s search it is obvious to me that it is unconstitutional and this court decision should be reversed. These two court cases are very important in the evolution of the Fourth Amendment in public schools.

Essay --

What is the Better Purchase: LCD TV or Plasma TV? We live in a world of choice. In each moment, we are presented with the opportunity to choose from an array of options. The truth is, though, that we do not always make our choices consciously. Sometimes, instead of choosing what is best for our personal requirements, we fall in the trap of commercial tricks and purchase a product we do not need. When we want to make a choice based on facts and objective reasoning exclusively, we need to methodically analyze and compare each product based on the criteria that we value. In this essay, I will try to do just that when choosing between the two most popular types of TV’s – LCD and plasma. When entering the technical department of any supermarket or a high-tech store, many people ask themselves whether a LCD TV is better than a plasma TV or vice versa. To answer this question, we need to compare the two products based on several relevant technical criteria. From a layman’s eye, LCD and plasma TVs may look alike; however, a keen eye will notice the difference between these sets. These differences permit customers to have a manifold of choices based on their particular requirements. A plasma display comprises of two glass panels packed in compartmentalized spaces, with many small plasma cells. Plasma cells are normally charged to a precise electrical voltage level (Kith, Plasma TV Components). On the other hand, an LCD display is comprised of aqueous crystals that are normally preset between two panels of glass (Reed, Architecture of the TV). Displays are further enhanced by utilizing electricity voltage on the LCD TV set panel. As a result of such technical differences, a conclusion can be drawn that plasma TV sets are better in comp... ...y suit a hi-tech apartment of a young business person. Consumers should remember a couple of basic tips when choosing one type of TV over the other. For instance, if you want to fit a TV set into a huge space, then a plasma TV will do better due to the wider viewing angle and the lower price of big sizes. The debate about which TV set is better is far from over. In the end, the question lies more in the hands of the consumer. Next time you buy a plasma or LCD TV set, do not be surprised if your neighbor criticizes your choice. References: 1. Kith, Hendrick. Plasma TV Components. Hallwork Publishing. 2011. 2. Reed, Melanie. Architecture of the TV. Limpon Press. 2008. 3. Howard, Sarah. TV Comparisons: Modern. Francis Publishing. 2009. 4. Fields, Garry. Price Comparisons of Viewing. The Atlantis Times. 2012. 5. Franz, Liam. TV Statistics. The Seattle Daily. 2013.

Gender Inequality Essay

It is not up for debate whether women are discriminated against in the workplace it is evident in census data; in 1998 women made 73 cents to the dollar paid to men. Even today, there is still a pay gap that exists between women and men. It is said that the organizations that are pro-equal pay, including some unions, support the idea that the government should set wages for all jobs. To the contrary, the organizations that are proponents of equal pay are not for job wages being set by the government-they wish to have the discrimination taken out of pay scales from within the company. Commonly, this pay gap is attributed to the fact that women in the United States are still expected to attend to familial obligations over work. Data shows that women do attend to family obligations, like having a child, caring for a sick family member, or caring for an elder; but they also do not give up on work. Yes, women often chose lower paying jobs in exchange for flexible hours and do spend a lower number of hours per week long-term at their jobs than their male counterparts. Because women are socialized to be the primary care givers they are kept at these lower paying jobs that are more flexible, the jobs allow them to care for their family yet still retain an income (possibly a second income for the household). Women’s changing roles in society has resulted in this workplace problem. Women are allowed and often encouraged to work but they are not rewarded or compensated at the same level, for their efforts, that men in the work force are. The pay gap would be narrowed if companies were more conducive to family schedules. Men and women would receive equal pay for the same job. Companies would benefit by retaining quality employees. Men and women need to start out making the same amount of money for the same job, companies need to offer women ample maternity leave, families need to be offered childcare (or childcare compensation), there needs to be a flexible work environment, and men should never be discouraged from taking paternity leave. It seems that women workers have reached a plateau in society. In order for women to be respected as men are) in the workplace there needs to be a redistribution of domestic and family work. It’s acceptable now for women to work; but this acceptance into the workforce has not drastically changed what they, women, are expected to perform at home. There is no way for women to move forward to equality in pay if they are not recognized as contributors to their job (i.e. women are still expected to perform outside of work in the family setting as well in a way that men are only expected to perform at work and not at home). As soon as more domestic and family work is allocated to men than women will be able to attain equal pay. Women, with less work at home, will be able to commit to full time jobs, have to leave the workforce less, take less leave, and be able to climb the corporate ladder just as men are today. Since 1942, gender inequality, at least in pay, can be traced. In 1942 the National War Labor Board issued a general order that authorized employers to make voluntary adjustments in salaries or pay in order to demonstrate gender equality (at least in jobs were women and men worked the exact same job and had comparable quality and quantity of work) (CNN). Rates of women in labor unions has been increasing since they have entered the workforce. Even with the increase of women union numbers this inequality of pay still exists. Women are encouraged by unions and other organizations to sue their employer if they are being treated unfairly in the workplace. Women are unlikely to pursue this option against their employers because of limited resources, i.e. money and time. Gender discrimination in the workplace is not only evident in the pay gap but also in sexual harassment and the â€Å"glass ceiling† in organizations. The term glass ceiling began as a reference to discrimination against women in the work force. â€Å"Glass ceiling† encompasses many different kinds of discrimination against women workers including but not limited to: differences in pay for comparable work, sexual harassment in the workplace, and companies that do not have family-friendly policies. The glass ceiling is an unwritten rule in many businesses. The ceiling is an invisible barrier that usually affects minorities and women. This barrier is extremely debilitating for women in their job because it makes them feel inferior and that their bosses do not take them seriously because of their sex. Women feel that their bosses aren’t taking them seriously because the bosses do not view them as potential candidates for the most prestigious positions in the establishment. The glass ceiling is another oppressive means used by corporate America to keep women out of powerful positions and keep them from raking in a lot of money; in terms of their gross income. A study done by the U.S Department of Labor in 1991 reviewed nine Fortune 500 companies and the results confirmed that workers in these companies, minorities and women especially, came into contact with the invisible barrier, â€Å"the glass ceiling†, very early on in their careers. The U.S. Supreme Court has designated two different types of sexual harassment in workplaces: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 is harassment that directly results in an employment outcome (ex. the harasser would say that if you don’t do X you will lose your job). Sexual harassment of Type 2 is not nearly as direct but creates a hostile work environment for the harassed worker. This hostile in environment can be created by rude gestures, sabotaged work, inappropriate name calling, vulgar jokes, unnecessary touching, comment on the appearance of others (physical attributes), etc. Women are now surpassing men in the amount of education, in years and higher degrees, they have. If the workforce does not allow them to pursue executive career options then they will find themselves unable to fill these positions. Women in 1996 earned 1,255,057 college degrees as compared to men who earned 992,638 degrees (Career Planning). The ever increasing amount of women furthering their education makes them more likely to want to enter the job market. Also, the longer a woman is in school the longer she will be in the workforce, when she enters it, because it is likely that she will delay childbearing. Even though female graduates may be even more qualified for a position than her male counterpart the woman will be much more likely to be recommended for a job as an assistant or secretary job than the man. She will be told that this assistant or secretarial job is her way to get her foot in the door at the company. The employers will act like this is a typical entry-level position when in fact a man in the same situation will immediately begin at a much higher level in the company. Women are over represented in the lower paying jobs in the company- almost all assistants and secretarial positions are filled by women while men crowd the top and fill the most prestigious positions in the company. This concentration of men at the top and women at the bottom is called â€Å"occupational segregation†. I began the Intro to Critical Feminist Studies course with a very clear idea of what feminism is yet I was hesitant to call myself a feminist. A feminist, to me, is someone who advocates for women’s rights and their equality as compared to men. Women and men are equal yet both are very different. A feminist is someone who capitalizes on and embraces the differences between men and women. Anyone can be a feminist but feminism, to me, means only advocating for women’s issues like gender discrimination in the workplace. Through the semester my definition of feminism has not changed drastically; yet I am much more willing to associate myself with this movement/name. My hesitation in calling myself a feminist was based on worries about the social implications of the word â€Å"feminist†. I don’t judge people merely because they attach this label to themselves or associate with other â€Å"feminists† so there must have been some deeper concern about the social implications of being one, a feminist. I don’t think that individuals necessarily associate being a feminist with negative things but that socially, in group situations and in the larger context of society and politics, being labeled as a feminist will limit your options. Specifically, I am concerned with the implications of being a â€Å"feminist† in the workplace. The workplace, to me, is the center of the politically correct and somehow labeling yourself a feminist makes you politically incorrect and socially awkward. Labeling yourself a feminist, ironically, attributes a male characteristic to you, i.e. confidence. Because feminists are labeled with this confidence and that they have such a clear idea of what injustices against women are they are outcasts. This topic, gender discrimination in the workplace, is related to a topic in my previous papers, women and healthcare. The job market is probably the most influential factor in an individual’s ability to obtain health insurance. This job-place discrimination against women indirectly affects the quality of healthcare available to most American women. It’s important to me to have equality in the workplace because I am a women and I don’t deserve to make less money than a male-counterpart just because of my sex. Even if it is the case that women are in and out of the labor force (more than men) because of familial obligations there is no cause for this discrimination in the workplace. Women are in and out of the labor market caring for men, men’s children, and men’s relatives yet women get paid less than men for the same job. There is even more cause for the wage gap to be closed because women’s roles are changing; many women are both mothers an d workers. In the past, maybe it was OK (not just but socially acceptable) for women to make less money than men because men were the providers and the woman’s income was play money. This is no longer the case. Women are now equal providers for their family, possibly the bigger earner, and frequently the sole provider for their household (single moms etc.). A female that just graduated from college with a major in marketing calls an agency to schedule an interview. She gets to the interview on time, well dressed, and ready to be hired. The interview proceeds and the interviewer is impressed with her resume; but is very interested in her typing speed. The interviewer takes the recent grad to another room, a computer lab, where she is sat down and prepared to take a typing test-to determine her words per minute. While typing, she sees an acquaintance of hers from school and he is applying to work for the agency as well. Her male acquaintance is interviewed by the same person yet he is immediately suggested for a position in the company without taking a typing test. The interviewer suggested the taping test for the female grad because having good typing skills would help her get her â€Å"foot in the door†, i.e. she could start out as an assistant or secretary. Even though both prospective employees, the woman and the man, had equit able educations the woman was not encouraged/allowed by the interviewer to enter the ranks of the business as anyone but a secretary (Career Planning). Some examples of gender discrimination in the workplace are: women not being hired for a position (which they are qualified for) because the company’s long-time clients feel more comfortable dealing with men, during company cutbacks men with the same job with less seniority keep their job over a woman who has been working for the company for a long time, and women not being able to attain a promotion even though they qualify for it (the woman has exemplary reviews and has earned many awards in her position (like employee of the year, etc.) the promotion is given to a less qualified male). After the National War Labor Board issued general order sixteen the fight for equal pay continues. President John F. Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act in 1963. This Act signed by JFK applied to 27.5 million workers (both men and women) and required â€Å"employees doing work requiring equal skill, effort and responsibility- and work performed under similar working conditions-be paid equal wages† (CNN). In subsequent years, following both the general order sixteen and the Equal Pay Act, numerous bills and acts have been passed to guarantee women and men equal pay for the same job; yet the pay gap still exists today. A more recent statistic on the pay difference, from 2000, found that women still make .80 cents to the dollar that’s paid to their male counterparts (GAO). A few women have been compensated for their lost wages. The Department of Labor’s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs, OFCCP, began reviewing corporate management systems in 1993. The OFCCP began the review process after President Bill Clinton signed the Family and Medical Leave Act. This Act protects workers jobs guaranteeing them at least twelve months of unpaid leave due to the birth of a child or extreme family circumstances (someone is very ill, etc.). These reviews of corporate management systems has been instrumental in paying back wages to women. One of the OFCCP’s reviews included an evaluation of Fairfax Hospital in Virginia. The hospital, as a result of its preliminary review by the OFCCP, agreed to pay over $425,000 in back wages to 52 female workers ; these workers were â€Å"employed in the top six grades of the hospital’s personnel structure† (CNN). Also, after the hospital’s review they gave 44 out of the 52 women pay raises, which gave these individuals more than $178,000 (extra) in total. These raises account for more than $4,000 a year extra income for each woman. Out of all the corporate reviews by OFCCP, the largest settlement was with CoreStates Financial Institution in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As a result of their review CoreStates paid more than 1.5 million dollars to women and minorities to compensate them for (past) pay discrimination. In addition to paying the 1.5 million dollars to workers CoreStates paid more than â€Å"334,000†, in salary adjustments to 76 women and 66 members of minorities† (CNN). The monetary compensation does not address the root of why women are paid less than men. If companies are willing to settle with the OFCCP and pay lost wages to female workers then they obviously recognize the injustice they are committing in the pay scales. Even with the passage of numerous acts that require employers to give equal pay the gap still continues between women and men’s salaries. From the 1960’s when JFK signed the Equal Pay Act the number of women workers was at an all-time high. From the beginning of the 60’s to the mid 70’s more than half the increase in the amount of workers in the labor force was made up of women. Most of these women were married and delayed having children so they could stay in the labor force longer. Even though women’s primary obligations are to their families they still do remain in the workforce after having children. Families can’t make it without the second income provided by the female. Women are in and out of the labor force but only to recover from childbirth; the number of working moms in 2006 was over 2.6 million. More than 72 percent of mothers in the Unites States, with children under the age of 18, are either employed part or full-time. Women are in hostile environments at home and at work. Women are paid less than men for the same job, are sexually harassed at work, and are cornered into low paying demeaning work. Even though women are expected to be equal providers for their family they are also expected to be the primary caretaker of their family. It is impossible for women to excel in both arenas if they are not granted equality. This equality would include either redistribution of domestic and family work (while women continue to work in the office) or equal respect for â€Å"women’s work† (women staying at home while men work in the office).

Law and Macro Environment Essays

Law and Macro Environment Essays Law and Macro Environment Paper Law and Macro Environment Paper Political Political macro environment factors include things like tax policies, government-issued safety regulations, the availability of government contracts, and even shifts in the controlling political party. International laws, such as trade agreements and tariffs, may affect the supply and demand chains and available markets for many different companies as well. Economic A market boom, recession, or growing inflation problem can all change the way an organization plans for the future and operates in the present. Economic factors are often difficult to assess, since economic forecasts and analyses vary widely between experts. Unemployment levels, comparative foreign exchange rates, and the state of the global economy can all help or hurt a business ability to get needed components and maintain a stable refit. Social The mood and demographics of the population make up the social area of macro environment factors. For example, a society that places an emphasis on self-guided jobs with room for creativity may cause organizations to redefine job descriptions and adapt the model of the workplace to attract workers. Social trends, such as a preference for on-demand mobile media devices, can also influence which products a company manufacturers and where it chooses to spend advertising dollars. Technological Technological macro environment factors can influence how an organization does business. A new type of machinery, computer chip, or product created through research and development can help a company stay modernized and ahead of the market curve. Owners must be able to accurately identify which new developments will be truly useful, and which are just fads. Environmental Environmental concerns are important to businesses both in the short and long term. In the short-term, things like natural disasters can disrupt production and supply operations, or even destroy company assets. Programs such as environmental risk assessment can help companies prepare to handle many of the most likely short-term crises. In the long view, over, businesses may have an interest in ensuring that their supply chains are not destroyed by unsustainable practices. Legal Legal factors can limit or change how a business operates. For example, they may have to hire additional supervisory staff or purchase safety equipment after a new health and safety law is passed. Child labor laws Often limit the hours a minor can work and require set break periods. If an organization employs several minors, it may have to hire additional help to cover the hours when the minors cannot legally work. Legal factors are determined by both legislations and regional and national laws. In some cases, companies that do business internationally are also affected by international laws. Hedging Against the Macro Environment Generally, businesses have little to no control over their macro environment. They can, however, prepare for the unexpected by using a PEST or PESTLE analysis. For example, if a business has a manufacturing plant in an area prone to hurricanes, they could hedge against the possible loss by developing an action plan to relocate employees or supplies if threatened by a hurricane. Many organizations conduct regular analyses of the macro environment actors Macro environment factors are uncontrollable external forces that affect how a business operates. They are largely out of the control of the business, and often require changes in operating, management, production, and marketing. Analysts often categorize them using the acronyms PEST or PESTLE. Broken down, PEST stands for political, economic, social, and technological concerns. PESTLE also includes environmental and legal factors. Political ahead of the market curve. Owners must be able to accurately identity, which gal factors can limit or change how a business operates. For example, they equipment after a new health and safety law is passed.

Suggested Attire for an Immigration Interview

Suggested Attire for an Immigration Interview It is rare to find a person who is not the least bit nervous about an immigration interview. This is the face-to-face meeting with an immigration officer who will evaluate an applicants credibility and eligibility for entrance into the United States for as long or as short a stay as is requested. As with any meeting, first impressions do matter. A persons presentation, demeanor, and appearance play into that impression. Does Appearance Matter Officially? Officially, what you wear should have no bearing on the interviewing officers adjudication of your case. When conducting an interview, immigration officers must be nonjudgmental and nonmoralistic, setting aside any personal biases. Even if the immigration officer feels personally offended by your attire, he or she must put personal feelings aside and not allow them to have any bearing on the final determinations. That said, remaining completely neutral is very difficult. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) immigration officers are trained to avoid letting their personal judgments affect a case, but interviewees can ease the process by dressing in a professional, respectful manner. Suggested Attire A good rule of thumb is to dress as if you were going to a job interview for an office job or meeting your partners family for the first time. In other words, wear something clean, comfortable, moderately conservative, and presentable that makes a good impression. Clothing does not have to be expensive, but it should be clean and pressed. Polishing shoes so they shine brilliantly is not necessary, but do give them a quick wipe if they need it. Attire can include clothing that is business casual, such as a clean, pressed outfit- a less formal version of classic business attire. If an applicant feels comfortable wearing a suit, then that would be a good choice. If the applicant feels a suit would be uncomfortable, then a pair of pants, a nice shirt, a skirt, or a dress is suitable as well. What Not to Wear Do not wear anything that might be considered offensive or controversial. This includes political slogans or pictures. Use perfume or cologne sparingly. Some people have allergies and sensitivities to scents. Since waiting rooms have a tendency to get cramped at times, competing scents may overwhelm the room and bother an interviewer. Other suggestions of what not to wear include gym clothes, such as sweatpants, tank tops, or shorts. Use your own discretion with makeup and hairstyles; choosing a look that is not too distracting for the interviewer would be best. Attire for the Naturalization Ceremony Taking the oath to become a U.S. citizen is an important ceremony. People will be bringing guests, and some ceremonies may have famous people, such as dignitaries or other newsmakers, in attendance, so at least business casual is recommended. Expect that lots of pictures will be taken, too. According to the USCIS Guide to Naturalization web page for the naturalization ceremony, The naturalization ceremony is a solemn and meaningful event. USCIS asks that you dress in proper attire to respect the dignity of this event.

Neanderthal-Homo Sapiens Hybrid Essays - Pleistocene, Stone Age

Neanderthal-Homo Sapiens Hybrid Essays - Pleistocene, Stone Age Neanderthal-Homo Sapiens Hybrid Implications of Neanderthal-Homo Sapiens Hybrid from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Portugal) In a recent excavation at Abrigo do Lagar Velho in Portugal, Duarte et al (1999) unearthed what was later to be recognized as early human skeletal remains which pointed to interbreeding between Neanderthal and Modern Humans during the mid - upper Palaeolithic transition. The morphology of the remains, belonging to a child of approximately 3-4 years old, indicates a Neanderthal typology in post-cranial features, and more modern cranial features. The find has been cited as evidence of hybridization between the two traditionally separate human lines, and offers an explanation to the question of Neanderthal extinction. (Trinkaus 1999) Anthropologists are now offered a line of evidence pointing to the contemopranity of Moderns and Neanderthals in parts of Europe and assumptions can be made about their contact: The discoverersare making a ground-breaking claim, that the skeleton shows traces of both Neanderthal and modern human ancestry, evidence that modern humans did not simply extinguish the Neanderthals, as many researchers had come to think. Instead the two kinds of human were so alike that in Portugal, at least, they intermingledfor thousands of years. (Kunzig, 1999) By examining the theories of human evolution, and looking at the cultural evolution of tool technology as well as the biological transitions and differences between the two types of humans, we can see that this hybridization just might be the answer. Perhaps this find will be able to tell us what exactly did happen to the Neanderthals. Firstly, it is useful to have an overview of the different theories of human evolution, or I should say the two most widely accepted views as accepted by palaeo-anthropologists in the field. For some years now it has been the contention that the origins of modern humans stem from either a continuous evolution from archaic to modern humans in local regions from an earlier dispersal of Homo erectus, or conversely from modern humans evolved in Africa only which then dispersed to replace those hominids in said regions. These two theories are known as the Continuity or Regional model and the Replacement or Out of Africa model respectively. The fossil (skeletal) and cultural (technological) evidence thus far has pointed to convincing arguments on both sides, which proponents are quick to defend. Neanderthals can be distinguished from anatomically Modern Humans by the presence of prominent brow ridges, low forehead, occipital bun, facial prognathicism, large nasal aperture, and shorter, sturdier skeletal features most notably, distinguishing them from Moderns who were taller and had longer limbs, higher foreheads, lass prominent browridges and rounder skulls. It should be noted that the cranial capacities of both were comparable, with the Neanderthals being even slightly larger. (Klein: 1989) Many proponents of a regional theory claim that such morphological differences show a continuity and depending on how they are viewed can be seen as evidence of variation within a species, not distinct species. This would mean that the Neanderthal morphology developed as an adaptation to the colder glacial climate of Europe and elsewhere. (Wolpoff:1980) From a replacement standpoint however, these differences in morphology are too distinct to be variables on a theme and in conjunction with dates provides evidence supporting that view. (Mellars and Stringer:1989) Neanderthals occupied Europe and the Middle East during a time range usually agreed upon as ranging from roughly 130 kya - 35 kya to as recent as approx. 26kya. Modern populations are seen as early as 100kya in the Middle East and around 40 kya in Europe. At some sites in the middle east, both populations lived in very close proximity to one another for what is thought to be a time range of about 40 000 years. (Akazawa et al:1998) Recent developments in genetic studies have begun to open new lines of evidence in the relatedness of Neanderthals to current modern human populations. By studying the genes of both, we can compare the similarities and differences and calculate whether the two are close enough to say there is a relation or not. This line of research had been theory mostly because the skeletal remains on record had no organic material available from which to extract genetic material (i.e.: collagen in the bone). DNA from a Neanderthal specimen would be able

Gender politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender politics - Essay Example Early societies used to value and respect physical strength only because it was the characteristics that were necessary for them to survive. Thus the early warrior society underscored physical strength where brawn mattered because it was perceived to be necessary for survival. This emphasis on physical superiority relegated women to domesticated duties that made her look weak and inferior. They were boxed and stereotype as mothers and wives whose use was only limited to attending the home, taking care of children and husbands and not making any significant impact in society. The advent of universal education and along with it is the maturing society has changed this perception and attitude towards women albeit slower. When schools and universities were opened to women, it was found that they are as capable as men. They have also proven that they are more than capable to handle responsibilities beyond the confined of their homes. Slowly, the perception about women transformed especial ly when society no longer put so much emphasis on brawn and physical strength to survive and prosper. And while many women today may still prefer the comfort of their homes, they now have the option to pursue professional endeavors outside of their homes. Today, women can be found in almost any endeavor contributing and making significant impact in our society just like men. ... Had this been the old age, it would have been tantamount to having women as warriors, leaders, artisans and entrepreneurs which used to be unthinkable. Women’s positions in their respective endeavors were not merely given for the sake of accommodation. Women occupy what they are doing now because it had been proven that they could be as effective as men and they can contribute significantly as much as men could do. The proof can be seen in the list of the world’s most powerful people where Angela Merkel, the Chancellor of Germany and considered as the most powerful person in EU is placed at number five (Forbes, 2013). Her case is not isolated. There are other women who also occupied positions of power who are making significant impact not only in their respective countries but also in the world. Amongst are Dilma Rouseff who is now the President of Brazil and Geun-hye Park the President of South Korea. In business and technology, one of the most prominent technology mak er IBM also has a woman as its Chief Executive Officer in the person of Virginia Rometty. The list can go on and this extends to other endeavors as well. The maturing society has discovered that women have distinct strength that is not apparent to men. Old societies found them to be weak but with proper understanding, they were after all as strong as men. For example, women’s predisposition to be emotional was used to perceived as a weakness that they could not be trusted to a position of responsibility because their being â€Å"emotional† would make them easily panic. Experience and study found this not to be true. This higher emotional sensibility is in fact a strength especially in 20th century where people needs

My Superhero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

My Superhero - Essay Example The paper has a detailed description of hero’s traits. His personal life was also very simple and modest. He does not wear expensive clothes rather he always used his traditional Indian dress i.e. Dhoti and Shawl. He was immensely impressed by the village traditions of India that endorsed self-sufficient behaviour. He used to be self-sufficient in every matter of life and preached others to do the same. He was a man of principles and due to this, he sometimes argued with the decisions of his other party members. After his success as a leader of India, he became very popular all around the world and he was described as a nonviolent person fighting for his nation’s rights. Many leaders like Martin Luther King in U.S. and Yasir Arafat in Palestine followed the footsteps of Gandhi and tried to free their community from the slavery of another nation. He can also be equally compared with other historical personalities like Abraham Lincoln, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Dalai Lama and Mao Tse Tang. His first act after returning from South Africa is to lead the movement against the government for the cause of having reduced land taxes upon the Indian citizens. He used the method of nonviolence and civil disobedience in the subcontinent against British rulers. It was the era when there two world wars were fought. Millions of people were killed in these two wars all over the world. Most of the nations were running through the lines of hatred, violence and war. He was the one who developed the nonviolent technique to fight for rights. 3.1. Describe hero perspective of being an agent of change-maker His foremost contribution for his people was to force British colonizers to make an independent India. This describes him as a change maker in the world. It was an attempt made for the betterment of India and refrain from the domination of British people in India. His plan was to fight for freedom but through a non-violent movement. It was his best self core values that ev entually brought his nation independence in 1947 from the British colonial rule. This capability of Gandhi distinguishes him among all the freedom fighter around the world until the early 20th century. His non-violence behavior can be described by one of his sayings: â€Å"An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind†. He demonstrated violence as the most important problem in the world that is generating continuous problems for people. This can only be solved by its counter-part i.e. following the path of non-violence. This is the only mechanism, according to him, which can bring peace and harmony in the world. 3.2. Identify self core values His life is less theoretical but more practical, giving a perfect example of perfect personality. He always put ethical and moral principles in every matter of life. For example, once one of his disciples introduced the concept of industrialization programs in the villages of India but he disagreed to him publicly on the basis of self-su fficiency. According to him, industrialization is making people dependent upon another person, which will bring insecurity in the lives of people financially and socially. He also showed his concerns upon the issue of area of border at the time of

Animals for drug testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Animals for drug testing - Essay Example The anti-animal testing campaigners argue the exact opposite, not only insisting that the use of animals for drug testing is completely inadequate for drug-safety testing but that safer alternatives exist. While conceding to the fact that the use of lab animals for drug and medical research may have been at the core of some medical advances, the fact is that the use of animals for drug testing is unethical, costly and unsafe, in addition to which, ethical, less expensive and safer alternatives are available. The proponents of animal testing maintain that without the use of live specimens, the medical and pharmaceutical communities would not have been able to acquire the anatomical knowledge of the human body, they currently possess. There is no doubt that this claim is partially valid. As Joan Dunayer, a medical researcher notes, the similarities between the human and the ape anatomy have allowed medical researcher, through vivisection, to explore the ape anatomy and through that, acquire an expanded understanding of the human one. Certainly, one cannot ignore the fact that the dissections carried out on human corpses have been the primary contributors to the mapping of the human body but, the fact remains that the observation and examination of a live human specimen is, or was up until a certain time, impossible. The use of apes provided the medical research community with the ability to conduction vivisections on live specimens and, in so doing, acquire a significant, and invaluable, u nderstanding of the human body at work.... Similarly, the medical and pharmaceutical communities claim that without the use of lab animals they would not have been able to develop much of the chemical and drug cures now being routinely used to save millions of human lives. As Jones argues, live animals are used in the research lab setting in order to determine whether or not the introduction of a certain chemical compound into the body reacts with specific viruses, bacteria and disease, resulting in their elimination. Secondly they are further used to test whether the cure, or the chemical compound which has been determined to successfully eliminate a particular disease, virus or bacteria, has any side effects, both long term and short-term, harmful or benign (Jones). In other words, animal testing is essential for both the development of effective drug cure and their later testing for safety before production and licensing for human use. While the pro-animal testing argument appears strong, the fact remains that the practice is inhuman and incontrovertibly unethical. Alan M. Goldberg and Thomas Hartung, both science researchers, note that over the past four decades "hundreds of millions of animals" were sacrificed in the name of medical and chemical research. The unethical aspect of the stated is better clarified when the method of their death, invariably involving prolonged and senseless torture and suffering, is considered (Goldberg and Hartung). Irrespective of its best intentions, animal testing is fundamentally based on the deliberate infliction of pain, suffering, disease and death on countless of millions of animals. Despite the undeniably unethical character of animal testing, proponents have claimed it

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Human Resource Development - Essay Example It will further correlate the significance of coaching in improving corporate ethics and in enhancing critical learning processes pertaining to HRD. HRD and Coaching Human resource development technically deals with the relation between workers and employees. Most companies organized their human resource office to implement or enforce resource policies for employees that are substantially contextualized on national policies on labor. Aside from policies pertaining to workers’, the administration provides supervision, guidance, and performance measure to ascertain that human resource will maintain its commitment to the organization’s vision, mission and goals (Gibbs, 2007; Wilson, 2005). A significant part of shaping workers’ commitment to improve its performance and relation to the clientele is to do coaching or mentoring. Bax, Negrutiu and Calota (2011) described that most companies use coaching or mentoring as significant in making job at the right place, hence , this learning process needs effective interaction between the coach and the employee to permeate the former to unlock the potential of the worker in the process (p. 4-5). It is therefore significant that a coach must have in-depth knowledge pertaining to varied needs of an employee so that adequate information, systems and frameworks are transferred to the workers to meet the required standard of performance (Lynham & Cunningham, 2004; Harrison, 2005). Coaching, otherwise known as mentoring, is an executive function and privilege. Although the terms somewhat evoke similar meanings, but for clarity of meaning the words should be distinguished (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). Mentors are teachers who can provide guidance to rediscover and tap the unutilized competences, strengths and values of a person using theories and empirical experiences as exemplars (Pettinger, 2002). The coach, on the other hand, provides behavioral feedbacks for a person to straighten on something to learn and grow . However, coaching is by far encompassing and inclusive in approach because it can include mentoring as part of the process which can be realized through training, seminars, and alternative form of education (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). A coach has roles to play for employees. These are guiding, teaching, sponsoring, empowering and mentoring. The latter is already discussed in the preceding paragraph. Guiding refers to providing of proper direction and about giving supports without necessarily intervening in such fashion that could disturb the creativity and sense of autonomy of every worker to complete his tasks (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). Teaching appeals to the cognitive capacities of employees since this entails undergoing serious learning process to acquire necessary knowledge and skills (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). These are basic in nurturing strategies for in depth consideration and action (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). Indeed, education is an impetus for the company to empower its work ers to make them more conscious of organizational obligations while realizing their competences. Coaching for SM Company SM Prime Holding is a leading mall operator in the Philippines and claimed to provide world class integration of shopping, dining, entertainment section in one venue and in varied strategic location in urban centers (SM, 2012, p. 5). SM malls is engaged in retail industry. But aside from that, it has also diversified into property sales,

Conclusion for a business proposal for Jamba Juice Essay

Conclusion for a business proposal for Jamba Juice - Essay Example It has carefully considered the target market, the potential customer bases and the ability to grow to capture the largest section of the San Antonio Airport customers. Jamba Juice has the potential of becoming a highly regarded resource both in the local market at Sana Antonio Airport, regional and the international market. Due to its aggressive marketing plan and strategy, carefully developed products, unique identity in the industry, strategic partnerships and its profitable revenue models, it has the capability and potential to give the prospective investors lucrative returns within a short time. For the business to achieve the status of the industry leader and the number one store in the airport, it must secure the initial capital. This will be used for the startup cost, establishing a reputable store front within the airport, business infrastructure, extensive marketing and product development (Maynard & Warren, 2014). Provided that the company gets this funding, Jamba Juice will achieve its operational success for many years to

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Human Resource Development - Essay Example It will further correlate the significance of coaching in improving corporate ethics and in enhancing critical learning processes pertaining to HRD. HRD and Coaching Human resource development technically deals with the relation between workers and employees. Most companies organized their human resource office to implement or enforce resource policies for employees that are substantially contextualized on national policies on labor. Aside from policies pertaining to workers’, the administration provides supervision, guidance, and performance measure to ascertain that human resource will maintain its commitment to the organization’s vision, mission and goals (Gibbs, 2007; Wilson, 2005). A significant part of shaping workers’ commitment to improve its performance and relation to the clientele is to do coaching or mentoring. Bax, Negrutiu and Calota (2011) described that most companies use coaching or mentoring as significant in making job at the right place, hence , this learning process needs effective interaction between the coach and the employee to permeate the former to unlock the potential of the worker in the process (p. 4-5). It is therefore significant that a coach must have in-depth knowledge pertaining to varied needs of an employee so that adequate information, systems and frameworks are transferred to the workers to meet the required standard of performance (Lynham & Cunningham, 2004; Harrison, 2005). Coaching, otherwise known as mentoring, is an executive function and privilege. Although the terms somewhat evoke similar meanings, but for clarity of meaning the words should be distinguished (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). Mentors are teachers who can provide guidance to rediscover and tap the unutilized competences, strengths and values of a person using theories and empirical experiences as exemplars (Pettinger, 2002). The coach, on the other hand, provides behavioral feedbacks for a person to straighten on something to learn and grow . However, coaching is by far encompassing and inclusive in approach because it can include mentoring as part of the process which can be realized through training, seminars, and alternative form of education (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). A coach has roles to play for employees. These are guiding, teaching, sponsoring, empowering and mentoring. The latter is already discussed in the preceding paragraph. Guiding refers to providing of proper direction and about giving supports without necessarily intervening in such fashion that could disturb the creativity and sense of autonomy of every worker to complete his tasks (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). Teaching appeals to the cognitive capacities of employees since this entails undergoing serious learning process to acquire necessary knowledge and skills (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). These are basic in nurturing strategies for in depth consideration and action (Bax, et.al, 2001, p. 5). Indeed, education is an impetus for the company to empower its work ers to make them more conscious of organizational obligations while realizing their competences. Coaching for SM Company SM Prime Holding is a leading mall operator in the Philippines and claimed to provide world class integration of shopping, dining, entertainment section in one venue and in varied strategic location in urban centers (SM, 2012, p. 5). SM malls is engaged in retail industry. But aside from that, it has also diversified into property sales,

Current Perceptions of the Role of the Dental Hygienist Within the Essay

Current Perceptions of the Role of the Dental Hygienist Within the Medical Team - Essay Example Barriers encountered by dental hygienists often involve the failure of coordination and cooperation. It involves failure of communication. Skills which help resolve these communication barriers need to be applied and improved by the dental hygienist in order to ensure that these problems do not worsen and the gaps in medical care would be filled. These skills include: speaking, listening, persuading, and leadership. With these skills, the role of the dental hygienist can be secured in the medical team. Table of Contents Introduction...................................................................................................................... 4 Methods........................................................................................................................... 4 Results.............................................................................................................................. 5 Role of the dental hygienist.......................................... ........................................ 5 Barriers to effective communication..................................................................... 11 Skills to improve communication......................................................................... 13 Discussion......................................................................................................................... ... They all perform important functions in the care of the patient and in the delivery of medical services. The dental hygienist is not strictly a part of the conventional medical team, however, in the current settings, their functions have been increasing. Other members of the medical team view the roles of dental hygienists within the team as essential in the recovery and delivery of medical services. The purpose of this study is to determine how members of the medical health team view the role of the dental hygienist within their professional setting. It will focus on diabetes, stroke and heart specialists and their perception and utilisation of the hygienist during patient care. It will investigate what barriers dental hygienists face in becoming active participants within this broader health team; and the skills needed that could further improve communication between the dental hygienist and the health team. Method This paper will gather materials from various literatures on the cu rrent topic. Initial data gathering shall involve a library search of materials in relation to dental hygienists and the health care team. This library search shall involve the manual search of books, journal, magazines, and news articles. Relevant materials shall be set aside for further evaluation. An internet search shall also be conducted using the search terms: dental hygienists/medical team; dental hygienists/diabetes; dental hygienists/stroke; and similar combinations. Relevant articles and journals found through this search shall also be set aside for further evaluation. Materials which are found through these library and internet searches shall be evaluated based on their relevance and current contributions to the subject matter. The

The Best Thing in Life is Free

The Best Thing in Life is Free Essay No one can deny that the Internet is the most helpful invention in the past centuries. Thanks to the Internet, people’s lives have never been more convenient, easy and worth living. But some people want to limit what the Internet can show us. In my opinion, an open, free Internet is better than a more regulated one because it gives us more freedom, free and huge source of study materials and big entertainment choices unlike the one people want to limit. An open Internet gives us not only the freedom of being whoever we want to be, but also the freedom to express ourselves without limitations. For example, social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Myspace offer people the chance to freely express their opinions without being judged. Unlike the regulated Internet, people have to watch out for what they’re saying about political ideas or about some other people. Moreover, another option the free Internet gives people who want to show their emotions and thinking is blogging. â€Å"Blogs can give readers a clearer idea of what is happening than official newspaper or TV channels can, even in countries where the media are free.† (How Blogging Changed My Life, Ayesha Saldahna, p52). Blogs helped people socialize with the new places or new people. Also, â€Å"I enjoy blogging because it gives me opportunities to exchange ideas with people all around the world.† (How Blogging Changed My Life, Ayesha Saldahna, p53). Clearly, the free Internet has offered people the freedom to be themselves and express their feelings in any way they want without any limitations like the regulated Internet. Another helpful thing a free and open Internet offers us is a huge source of study materials. Instead of buying expensive books and waiting in lines at the library, we now can look up the information we need anywhere anytime through the Internet. For example, I have to do a research papers for my finals. But instead of wasting my time going everywhere to find the information I want, I just need to turn on my laptop and search for any information related to my topic. Unlike the regulated Internet, the free and open Internet offers a huge source of information. So all that is left to do is choose which information is the best for my paper. Moreover, with the money I can save from not buying books, I can help myself with other school supplies. Therefore, free Internet is very helpful, time-efficient and of course, generally free. Lastly, with the invention of the Internet, people can enjoy any kind of entertainment at home. Before the Internet was invented, the only way people could entertain themselves was going out for activities or paying a lot of money on movie tickets, the zoo and concert tickets. Moreover, the long lines and sold-old tickets somehow limited the number of people who can actually get entertained. But since the Internet was born, we can watch movies, football and basketball games and the concerts at home. As time goes by, more and more Internet related home theater devices appeared and gave people more choices to enjoy their lives in the easiest and most convenient way. In conclusion, we can have a better life thanks to the Internet. But some people wanted to limit the features of the free Internet because they think it’s too dangerous. I disagree and I think an open and free Internet is better than a more regulated one. It has been helping us a lot and I want our future generations still can be able to use it in a freely way.

How Power Is Maintained Within The Society Media Essay

How Power Is Maintained Within The Society Media Essay According to Lukes (1986) cited in Scott (2001), power is, in its most general sense, the production of casual effects. When it comes to the social power, probably the best known definition of all was introduced by a German sociologist Max Weber (1920). He distinguished three kinds of power- traditional authority, legal authority and charismatic authority. Traditional authority occurred mainly in early Middle Ages and in some of todays tribal societies. It is the most stable form of power, not very susceptible to manipulation, because it is based mainly on tradition, which could be extremely difficult to change and the effects of such changes could be difficult to predict. Charismatic authority based on a personal ability to subordinate people, their dedication and trust in relation to the leader. No one else is able to perform such kind of power except of the person endowed with charisma. Legal authority is the least stable and its impermanence is apparent from the ease of manipula tion of the legal standards that form the basis of legitimacy. The authority is a feature of the relationship, not an attribute of personality. It is the impact on the partners in a mutual relationship. The aim of this essay is to show the ways, in which power is maintained within the society, through the transmission of values and ideas. Media can contribute a lot to a society. It can change opinions because they have access to people and this gives it a lot of strength. This strength can either be used constructively by educating people or it can be used destructively by misleading the innocent people. According to van Dijk article (1995) media uses their power in a really elaborate way. Thanks to its persuasive power, mass media can influence and control the audiences minds. Consequently through such a mind control, the mass media can also indirectly affect the viewers or readers actions. Author argues also, that the mass media consciously leaves a bit of independence to its audiences, just to make them better absorbed and encourages them to be actively involved instead of stay passive. Such a deliberate action of the media on the recipient, van Dijk described as a media manipulation. Author further explains, that the manipulation is the most effective when the recipients do not realize, they are being a subject of the media manipulation. Furthermore, according to that, manipulation is often perceived in a negative terms and is also being seen as a kind of the power abuse in the media. It is because of people, who create an image or certain argument just to support own interests. In effect, recipients accepts the news reports as a true and journalists opinions as a trustworthy.(van Dijk, 1995). There are many ways in which media manipulate their audiences inter alia suppression by omission, labeling, face-value transmission, slighting of content, false balancing, or framing. The basic way to make people stop to listen certain arguments, is to divert their attention elsewhere. The useful tool to do this is propaganda.(Herman, 2003;) In Manufacturing Consent Chomsky and Herman explains that the vast majority of the mass media companies are businesses, owned by wealthy people or big companies, and therefore media are mainly looking for profit, and they are selling airtime in TV or columns in newspapers to advertisers, who wants their ads to appear in a supporting environment just to secure access to the widest audience. Moreover, Herman and Chomsky introduced five factors actively involved in propaganda model. Those factors are: ownership, advertising, sourcing, flak and anticommunist ideology.(Herman, 2003) Those factors works like a filters, every information must pass through to get its final shape. Marxists also agrees, that ownership is an important factor. From Marxist point of view, if a newspapers are owned by the wealthy, it suggest that they will promote views of their owners. Another way in which the productivities of the mass media are affirmed, is through advertising. Companies pay large amounts of money just to have their products advertised in the newspaper or shown in television, and in effect the vast majority of newspapers or commercial television stations exists only because they earn money from advertising goods and services. Nowadays advertisements are everywhere and for some people it is nothing more than letting to know what is new or worth to buy. But for Marxists advertising performs more functions than only informing people what is worth buying. (Berger,1982; Chapter 2) In his book The State in the Capitalist Society R. Milliband analyzed the functions of the mass media, and he found that advertising could be seen also as a kind of political tool, because it reinforces the existing social order and highlights the rule of the capitalists. Milliband stated that advertising not only informs but mostly persuades. It not only tells to the potential buyer what to buy, but also suggests that capitalism is the best system. Consequently, the company not only sells goods, it also sells capitalism. Just to conclude propaganda model from the Marxist perspective, if a group own the production, they have not only economic, but also political power. The state is being seen as an institution which helps to organize the capitalist society, while the working class people are said to hold values, ideas and beliefs, but their ideas are still being manipulated by the media. Marx saw capitalism as a system of unequal wealth distribution within group of the powerful people, and believed, that the masses will further give up with capitalism to find the less oppressive system. (Best, 2002; 78-79) The Marxs theory of ideology was further continued by an Itali an Marxist Antonio Gramsci. Gramsci understood that each of the dominant political class dominates also the consciousness of others. Gramsci believed that the working class has not made a revolution because capitalism was on its cultural hegemony. Cultural hegemony in practice is limited to fixing the content has already been imposed. Such content may be, for example lifestyle, religion, school programs or career patterns. All this is presented to a subordinate class in a knowledge-sense way, and it effectively prevents the proletarians from formation of their own culture, their own patterns of life, or their own ideas. In Marxs materialist concept of history, the conditions of scarcity and poverty create antagonism between the classes. Antagonism, which leads to the hegemony of one class over another. Capitalism has not collapsed thanks to the cultural hegemony. The workers accepted the existing system of production as really reasonable and unassailable. Therefore that gave the ide ological victory for the bourgeoisie. To succeed the revolution, workers must have their own culture and ideology. Therefore the key challenge for them is to oppose to the bourgeois culture. (Gramsci, 1926-37) According to Turow, hypodermic needle theory implied that the mass media had a direct, immediate and powerful effect on their audiences. That model of media communication was introduced by S. Tchakhotine (1939) and was based on media war propaganda. Broadcasters using the targeted content continuously and systematically stimulate basic instincts of the recipients on a stimulus- response base. This model assumes passivity and irrationality of behavior and a high susceptibility to the content of propaganda. A reflection of this concept in the context of the relationship between media and the recipient is a shot called a magic bullet theory or hypodermic needle injection. The basis of this theory is the assertion of total passivity of the recipients and the lack of resistance to the transfer. It was assumed that the message reaches all units in the society, which each of them receives in the same way, and it leads them to a similar reaction. Every unit within the society becomes a subje ct to bite specified by the message and whether it will be effective depends only on the dose. (Croteau and Hoynes, 2003, 240; Turow, 2009, 153) French sociologist Jean Baudrillard in his book Simulacra and Simulation argues that we live in an age of simulacra in which reality has been absorbed by its own representation, in an age in which truth, reference or objective reason ceased to exist. According to the philosopher people no longer perceive reality, only a simulation. In the opinion of Baudrillard simulacra has become one of the most important category in our culture. Media lead to the invalidation of reality, and to stem the flow of information. Each event is ground, which according to the author of Simulacra and Simulation leads to loss of feeling and the whole sequence of events. Simulation runs directly to produce hyper-reality, which defines the reality even more real than the reality itself. Media offer us the beauty more beautiful than the beauty and truth truer than the truth. Baudrillard argues that there is no reality, which does not mean that we live in a world of fantasy, he says only that people can no long er reach the unmediated reality. Baudrillard says that the reality does not disappear, it vanished the difference between what is real and what is simulated. Our senses are no longer able to distinguish between images and simulacrum.(Baudrillard, 1994; 21-23) Baudrillard also famously claimed that the Gulf War in 1991, did not happen, although its appearance in television. It is obvious, that the war actually took place, but the meaning and the details of what happened are inseparable from television coverage.(Baudrillard, 1995; 17). A man immersed in the hyper-reality, assess their real survival according to whether they match with the image promoted by the movies he watch, he sees himself in the mirror through the prism of ideal images in advertising. A sense of reality blurs for him forever because of continuous invasion of images served by the media, what captures their understanding of the world. In conclusion, media therefore do not affect what people think, but affect it, about what people think and can focus our attention on some issues, turning it (via omissions, etc.) from the other cases. The views of the unit depends largely on its perceived bias, the opinion prevailing in the social environment, and these in turn from the views presented in the mass media. The views of the media are easier than others reinforced by public opinion. The truth of this assertion depends on the activities of dissident groups, having the courage and strength to expression of alternative.

The Internet as a Beneficial Learning Tool for Students Essay -- Inter

The Internet as a Beneficial Learning Tool for Students The Internet, commonly referred to as the â€Å"information superhighway,† is a tool that has been introduced to classrooms around the world because of its popularity, which has been gaining steadily in the past years. The Internet is a network of computers in which users can share files and complete many other tasks. Many people and groups have voiced concerns of whether the Internet’s benefits in classroom and educational use outweigh the negative effects. From recent studies and personal experiences, I have come to the decision that the benefits certainly outweigh the negative effects. I believe that the students who use information technology such as the Internet regularly in their schoolwork are benefiting greatly rather than losing out. The Internet is information technology that has been said to have many downfalls for students when being used in the education process. Some areas of the country have limited access to computers and the Internet. These students who have limited resources would be falling behind by pushing more online work on the students who do have access to the resources. In my paper I have described methods which I think will help bridge this â€Å"digital divide† that has been created. Another example problem that is created when information technology such as the Internet is brought into classrooms is that things change quicker than teachers can keep up with. â€Å"This places a special burden on already overworked teachers to continue learning new resources and changing their teaching methods.† (LaRose, 2000) There are several ideas, studies, and experiences to battle the problems that I have previously laid out. The first supporting fact that I ... ...teachers that fall behind because of the rapidly changing technology can be solved swiftly will a few grants from the U.S. Department of Education and the implementation of new online programs to help ease pressures. Although there maybe a few glitches that need to be worked out, in a short time I feel it will completely necessary for tomorrow. WORKS CITED â€Å"Digital Divide.† 24 January 2001. â€Å"Digital Divide: Classrooms: Voices.† 24 January 2001. Internet. Edwards, Jack, M.D. Robyler. Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000. â€Å"E Learning: Putting a World-Class Education At The Fingertips of All Children.† 24 January 2001. LaRose, Robert, Joseph Straubhaar. Media Now: Communication Media in the Information Age. United States: Wadsworth, 2000. â€Å"The Power of the Internet for Learning.† 24 January 2001. Internet.

Ihor’s Campaign Essay examples -- Epic Poem Poetry Essays

Ihor’s Campaign Slovo o polku Ihorevi, Ihoria syna Sviatoslavlia, vnuka Ol’hova, or The Tale of Ihor's Campaign, Ihor the Son of Sviatoslav, Grandson of Oleh is â€Å"an epic poem written in the 12th century by an anonymous author† who was most probably from Kyviv or Chernihiv (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). â€Å"From the tenor of the poem, it can be deduced that the author was a mature, experience man, perhaps serving in one of the princely retinues and was versed in the manners and customs of his day† (Kuzych 2000). The original was discovered in 1795 by Graf A. Musin-Pushkin in the archives of Yoil in the Transfiguration Monastery in Yaroslavl, Russia, and was published in Saint Petersburg in 1800 with the assistance of the paleographers A. Malinovsky and Mykola Bantysh-Kamensky (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). â€Å"The single preserved copy was apparently hidden after 1240 when the Mongol incursions into Ukraine began† (Kuzych 2000). The only original copy is claimed to have been burned in 1812 when Moscow was seized by Napoleon’s troops (Wikipedia 2005) and the lack of a genuine script â€Å"allowed a number of skeptical critics in the early 19th century to consider the work a falsification of a later date† but many scholars, â€Å"particulary Mykailo Maksymovych, demonstrated connections between the Slovo and Ukrainian folk poetry† (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). â€Å"The subject of the poem is the unsuccessful campaign mounted in the spring of 1185 Ihor Syviatoslavych of Novhorod-Siverskyi against the Cumans and its central theme is the fate of the territories of Rus’† (Hordynsky and Stech 2001). The lyrical poem combines historical subject matter with â€Å"dreams, laments, natures’ reaction to the hero's fate, monologues of princes, other motifs and ... ...ble platinum coin form the Millennium Commemorative Coin Set† portraying the author composing the poem while watching Ihor’s battle take place (Kuzych 2000). In 2000 Ukraine indirectly honored the epic poem by minting a â€Å"commemorative 5-hryvnia silver coin minted for: ‘The 900th Anniversary of the Novhorod-Siverskyi Principality’† and depicted a prince leading an army in front of the old Rus’ fortress (Kuzych 2000). Works Cited Hordynsky, S. and M. R. Stech (2001). Encyclopedia of Ukraine. http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?AddButton=pages\S\L\SlovoopolkuIhoreviIT.htm Kuzych, I. (2000). Commemorations of "The Tale of Ihor's Campaign.† The Ukrainian Weekly No. 40. http://www.ukrweekly.com/Archive/2000/400024.shtml Wikipedia: The Free Encylcopedia. The Tale of Igor’s Campaign. (2005). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tale_of_Igor's_Campaign

Panel Discussion

Eulene Albert F. Geronimo SPEECOM EG Reflection Paper for Panel Discussion To be honest, we felt a little disappointed when Ms. Jeanne Purpura told us minutes before our panel discussion that the projector was not available for use. In addition, we also sort of panicked because almost half of what we would deliver that day was only based and could only be delivered effectively by our powerpoint presentation. The graphs and statistics we have researched about were included in that visual aid; the audience might have enjoyed and understood the discussion more if the projector was functioning well.All the same, we still managed to get through. In fact, in my opinion, we have achieved our objective of informing the audience about mobile nuclear drive, its advantages, disadvantages and consequences to the health and welfare of the society. However, no panel discussion is perfect. In fact, no speech is flawless; everyone has his/her own strengths and weaknesses. And in this paper, I am goi ng to discuss the strong and weak points of our panel discussion. Let me begin with the â€Å"Speaker† aspects in the rubric for panel discussion.I admit that one of the weak spots of our group was the lack of enthusiasm in our facial expressions and voice projection. We, the panel members, also failed to establish rapport with one another. However, in my opinion, my groupmates and I tried our best to be as knowledgeable as possible with regards to our assigned topic. Without a doubt, I can tell that we looked prepared and credible, not just because we are engineering students and are expected to really have some grasp of these kind of topics but because we have really researched and internalized the issue in depth.We also wore appropriate formal attire and took our respective roles as different kinds of engineers seriously. As a result of these, we had some convincing power towards the audience that I felt their eagerness to listen and learn more about our subject matter. Th ey even asked a handful of questions and this serves as proof that they were really into our discussion. On the other hand, I confess that the flow of our discussion was not that organized. The ideas did not come in a smooth flow and I think, this was one of the consequences of not having a visual aid.In effect, the panel discussion lacked spontaneity. However, we should have adjusted with regards to that aspect for the reason that technical difficulties are inevitable and a good speaker should have seen that and have prepared for that beforehand. In the rubric, we scored relatively high in the â€Å"Message Content† part. I think it is because our arguments are supported with adequate evidence and well–researched facts and information. We failed to cite our references though, for the reason that our list of references was embedded in our powerpoint presentation.Lastly, based on the feedback we have received from our blockmates, I believe that our group has answered th e questions of the audience credibly and convincingly. Next aspect would be the organization. Thanks to our moderator, Mr. Doolittle, who started and ended our panel discussion with a bang. On the other side of the coin, we failed to use transitions and the details we discussed were not that logically organized, like what I said in one of the paragraphs above. In other words, a smooth flow of ideas was not observed.Apologies. In the aspect of transmission, we also scored relatively high. There was a varied intonation and a conversational tone while we delivered the information. There was also a controlled speed delivery; we went not too fast but not too slow. In simpler words, we went at a moderate pace, so as not to hurry or lose the eagerness of the audience. When it comes to nonverbal aspects of speech delivery, our group did not fail to apply what we have learned. I noticed some simple but effective gestures while watching our video.Even the effortless movements of hands while d iscussing could help in transmitting what we are trying to express or say. Our group also explained the technicalities and the mechanics of nuclear power in layman’s terms so as to be understood by our blockmates who are not that familiar with our subject matter. For this reason, I think it is valid to say that we used clear language to benefit everyone. Still, we fell trap to using fillers like uhm’s and ah’s and unavoidable pauses. Sorry for those. On the bright side, there was no code-switching in our discussion.In linguistics,  code-switching  is the switching between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation. In our discussion, we really tried our very best to explain the topic to our audience through he use of only one language, English. This is for the reason that English will be used when we communicate with our fellow engineers and with other professionals less than five years from now. Last would be the a udience rapport. At the beginning of the discussion, our moderator formally acknowledged the presence of the audience, especially of Ms.Jeanne. Also, our group made it a point to include audience participation in our discussion. In truth, according to them, we have addressed and answered their questions and clarifications properly. Also, a big â€Å"thank you† to our moderator, Mr. Doolittle, who did well in maintaining the balance of our discussion and for adding some humor when the topic becomes serious and very technical; without him, the audience might have been bored with the endless scientific terms being bombarded to them. With this, the audience paid attention and rapport with them was established.What’s more, the fact that our topic, Mobile Nuclear Drive, was new, interesting, appealing and environment-related adds to the list of our strengths of our panel discussion. Conversely, one weak point in this aspect would be the failure of establishing and maintainin g eye contact with the audience. To sum up, for the reason that we received more good comments than bad ones from our blockmates, I can say that our panel discussion was not much of a disaster even though we did not have a powerpoint presentation to aid us.Just like the previous activity, the Informative Speech, I also learned lots of lessons in this Panel Discussion activity. First, be prepared just in case a technical difficulty comes in and ruins your original plan. Always have plan B. Second, rapport is very essential when it comes to almost everything. But to be specific, audience rapport in speeches is a â€Å"must† because without it, your whole speech would be wasted because no one will listen to you. Third, know your topic from the heart. Who knows?You could be asked with heaps of questions and you should be able to answer if not all, most of them. Plus, five years from now, we might be working in a company and when it comes to project or business proposals, we shoul d master every detail, may it be big or small, so as to gain the credibility and trust of other, even higher professionals. Lastly, there must be a logical organization of the details or the parts of your speech so as not to confuse your audience and for them to continue listening with eagerness and full attention.

Automobile and Bumper Sticker Essay

Copy and paste the questions into the student comments section. Read the questions thoroughly. Answer the questions in a full and complete manner. Use complete sentences, including proper spelling and grammar. When you are ready to turn in your assignment, add a check mark to the Submit for Grading box and then select Submit. Module 5: Laws and Rules of the Road Create a car saying (Bumper Sticker) or a Road Sign (Billboard) that would describe one main point you learned in Module 5. This is an example of a bumper sticker from a former student: â€Å"â€Å"Driving the right speed is always a good deed. Enjoy your ride and don’t collide! † 1. What would yours say? â€Å"SPEED. Do It Right & Save A Life 2. How would it look? It would have a black background, the saying would have red letters, and there would be speed limits signs around the words. 3. Now, write at least one paragraph (5 sentences or more) which explains why you thought this would make a great bumper sticker or billboard, and how it summarizes the information you learned in Module Five. Remember to use complete sentence answers and proper spelling and grammar. My billboard would be great because so many drives, whether they are young or old, are speeding causing unnecessary accidents, killing or injuring innocent people. More and more drivers are becoming reckless. To either just show-off or from being impatient.. 3. Now, write at least one paragraph (5 sentences or more) which explains why you thought this would make a great bumper sticker or billboard, and how it summarizes the information you learned in Module Five. Module 6: Effects of Alcohol and Drugs Some day you might find yourself in a dangerous driving situation because of drugs, alcohol, or extreme drowsiness due to medication. Talk to a parent or guardian about what they would like for you to do if you find yourself in this situation. Answer the following questions in one or more complete sentences. 1. Explain three ways you can get home safely, without getting behind the wheel, if there are drugs or alcohol in your system. A. I would see how well I was feeling that day. B. I would see how any medication affected me before getting behind the wheel. C. Call your parents, call a cab, take a bus 2. Explain three ways you can get home safely if the friend you rode with has drugs or alcohol in his system and you prevent him from getting behind the wheel. A. Drive yourself. Call another friend to pick you up. Call your parents to pick you up. B. Get a taxi, get a bus. Try walking it C. I would take the wheel and drive him home 3. What would your parent/guardian want you to do? My parent would want me to take responsiblity and drive my friend home safely. 4. Look up and list the number of a local taxi or car service in your community. Include the company name and telephone numbe 24/7 Yellow Cab Serving the 33157 Area. (305) 244-4444 A A A Taxi Inc Serving the 33157 Area. (305) 999-9990

Discuss the connection between religion and culture. How closely are Essay

Discuss the connection between religion and culture. How closely are they tied together in the West as compared to other parts of the world, particularly the Mi - Essay Example In addition, religion has always been an important constituent of culture. Society has always affected how groups of people interrelate with each other and is always evident in daily relations. It is more evident when different cultures based on different religions intermingle. Different cultures mix differently – they may easily mix or they may be highly contrasting. Man’s faith is as old as humankind itself and because of this; religion has a large probably of being able to influence people into its sets of beliefs and principles and thus, a change in its culture. By definition, a religion is composed of a series of beliefs and practices that is essentially residing in a community that involves people adhering to a set of beliefs and rituals of study of ancestral facts and coincidentally cultural traditions. In this kind of situation, religion by far mainly affects how people interact with each other. Over a long period of time, the people’s writings, history, and mythology, as well as mystic experience are moulded or affected by religion. In addition, religion also refers to both an individual’s practice as it is related to his/her communal faith and to group rituals and communication stemming from a common belief. Religion is often described as a communal system wherein people focus their beliefs and adhere on a single system of thought, unseen entity, a person, or an object. These elements in turn are considered to be supernatural or either extraordinary, sacred or divine to the group, and can be consider as the ultimate truth (Fletcher, 1994). This will be in turn, moral codes, practices, values, institutions, tradition, rituals, and scriptures are then converted into cultures as these practices or rituals are practiced in a daily core belief. It has also even been considered that religion is considered as a way of life for people. Already there are hints that religion plays a strong role in